Overview

Urticaria (hives) causes raised, itchy welts that can appear anywhere on the body. Acute urticaria lasts under 6 weeks; chronic urticaria lasts over 6 weeks, often with no identifiable trigger. Affects up to 20% of people at some point and is among the top reasons for dermatology visits in Kuwait.

Symptoms

• Raised itchy pink or red welts that fade within 24 hours
• Angioedema: deeper swelling around eyes, lips, hands, or throat — seek immediate care
• Emergency signs (anaphylaxis): throat/tongue swelling, difficulty breathing, dizziness — call emergency services immediately

Causes & Risk Factors

• Foods: nuts, shellfish, eggs, milk, wheat
• Medications: aspirin, NSAIDs, penicillin
• Infections, insect stings, latex, physical triggers (heat, cold, exercise — common in Kuwait)
• Many chronic cases are idiopathic (no cause found)

Complications

• Anaphylaxis — life-threatening allergic reaction
• Airway angioedema obstructing breathing
• Anxiety, depression, and poor sleep in chronic cases

Diagnosis

Clinical history and physical exam. Allergy skin prick tests or IgE blood tests for acute cases. CBC and thyroid function to rule out underlying conditions.

Treatment

• Non-drowsy antihistamines (H1 blockers) — first-line daily treatment
• Omalizumab (Xolair) biologic for antihistamine-resistant chronic urticaria
• Epinephrine auto-injector (EpiPen) for patients at risk of anaphylaxis

Prevention

• Keep a symptom diary to track triggers
• Carry antihistamines during travel or outdoor activities in Kuwait's heat
• Always carry an EpiPen if prescribed; wear loose breathable clothing

Ready to take the next step? Book a consultation today